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Legal Basics

Before looking at your state's specific custody laws, it helps to understand the universal principles that guide family courts across the United States. These concepts form the foundation of custody decisions, co-parent responsibilities, and parenting plan development. 

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This section provides clear, parent-friendly explanations of the key ideas that shape how custody works. Explore each topic to build the knowledge needed to navigate the process with confidence. 

Paternity and Parentage

How legal parentage is established and why.

Best Interest of the Child

The standard courts use when making custody decisions, focusing on safety, stability, the child’s needs, and healthy parent-child relationships.

Physical Custody (Parenting Time)

How time-sharing schedules are structured, including overnights, transitions, school-week routines, and what courts consider when dividing parenting time.

Legal Custody
(Decision-Making)

The division of major decision-making responsibilities, such as education, medical care, religion, and activities, and how courts determine each parent’s role.

Court Expectations and Co-Parent Responsibilities

What courts require from co-parents regarding communication, cooperation, conflict management, and supporting the child's relationship with both parents.

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